What is a "Home Rule" unit?

A "Home Rule" unit refers to a local government entity, such as a city or county, that possesses the authority to govern itself, provided that its laws and regulations do not conflict with state laws. This local autonomy allows Home Rule units the flexibility to enact ordinances and manage local affairs, such as zoning laws, taxes, and local services, suited to their specific needs and circumstances.

This concept is significant in Illinois, where Home Rule is established in the state constitution, granting municipalities with populations over a certain threshold the ability to exercise powers without needing specific state enabling legislation. This form of governance is designed to empower local entities, allowing them to make decisions that reflect the preferences and requirements of their communities, which may differ from those at the state level.

In contrast, the other options do not encapsulate the essence or role of a Home Rule unit, thus emphasizing the uniqueness of this local governance structure.