What is the burden of proof in a criminal case in Illinois?

In a criminal case in Illinois, the burden of proof rests on the prosecution, which is responsible for demonstrating the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This high standard is fundamental to the justice system, ensuring that individuals are not wrongfully convicted. The rationale for this burden lies in the presumption of innocence afforded to the defendant; every person is considered innocent until proven guilty. As a safeguard against wrongful convictions, the prosecution must meet this stringent standard, which requires that the evidence presented convinces the jury that there is no reasonable doubt about the defendant's guilt.

The other options do not accurately represent the standard in criminal cases. For instance, the notion that the defendant must prove their innocence contradicts the foundational principle of the presumption of innocence enshrined in legal doctrines. A requirement for a unanimous jury decision is important but does not address the burden of proof aspect. Additionally, while the defense can present evidence to create reasonable doubt, it is not their responsibility to prove the defendant's innocence; rather, the prosecution must establish guilt. Understanding this distinction is crucial for grasping the principles of criminal law in Illinois.