What is the main difference between a misdemeanor and a felony in Illinois?

The main difference between a misdemeanor and a felony in Illinois lies in the severity of the crime and the corresponding penalties. Misdemeanors are categorized as less severe crimes, defined by the fact that they carry a maximum penalty of one year in jail. This classification is significant because it reflects the legal system's differentiation between various levels of offenses, where misdemeanors are considered less harmful and consequently subject to lighter punishment compared to felonies.

In contrast, felonies encompass more serious offenses that entail greater penalties, often including longer prison sentences, which typically exceed one year, and may also involve substantial fines. The distinction is crucial in understanding criminal law, as it affects charges, trial processes, and the ramifications for individuals convicted of these crimes. Recognizing that misdemeanors have a defined maximum penalty of one year helps clarify the legal consequences associated with different categories of offenses.